{"id":96,"date":"2020-12-28T14:47:19","date_gmt":"2020-12-28T14:47:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96"},"modified":"2023-09-25T11:46:31","modified_gmt":"2023-09-25T11:46:31","slug":"fair-or-biased-users-fairness-perception-of-algorithmic-systems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96","title":{"rendered":"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"96\" class=\"elementor elementor-96\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-df0ad0a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"df0ad0a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-45c6f98\" data-id=\"45c6f98\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6abe11d elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6abe11d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4fe22f9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4fe22f9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1d55230\" data-id=\"1d55230\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7bc3c03 elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7bc3c03\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;_animation_mobile&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tsvi Kuflik - Department of Information Systems<br>Doron Kliger - Department of Economics<br>Orna Rabinovich-Einy, Avital Mentoviz and Avital Shulner Tal - Faculty of Law<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8481b4 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"b8481b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-24c1aa23 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"24c1aa23\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-682d9a0b\" data-id=\"682d9a0b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7c89844 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7c89844\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6310825\" data-id=\"6310825\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1613de1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1613de1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Machine Learning<br \/>Deep learning<br \/>Neural Networks<br \/>Algorithms<br \/><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3742548\" data-id=\"3742548\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec38b99 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ec38b99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Processing<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ff4f204\" data-id=\"ff4f204\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54ea628 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"54ea628\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Database Collection Grant 2021<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7fcc3a1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7fcc3a1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" alignleft size-full wp-image-95\" style=\"margin-right: 10px; float: left;\" src=\"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kuflik.jpg\" alt=\"Kuflik\" width=\"367\" height=\"208\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kuflik.jpg 823w, https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kuflik-300x170.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kuflik-768x436.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 367px) 100vw, 367px\" \/><\/p><p>Systems based on artificial intelligence and machine learning are part of our daily lives. These systems run search engines, recommendation and rating systems and are used in a variety of areas such as filtering job applications and credit applications, and assisting in making legal and medical decisions. These different applications have a broad impact on our lives and therefore it is necessary to examine the\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/interactions.acm.org\/archive\/view\/july-august-2019\/10-things-you-should-know-about-algorithmic-fairness\">fairness and transparency<\/a><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0of these systems.\u00a0<\/p><p>The main problem is that such systems are generally considered as \u201cblack boxes\u201d, i.e. even when these systems have been tested and defined as fair, their actions and results are not always clear or perceived as fair to their users. Lack of explanations about how the system works and how and why decisions were made in the system may lead to biases, discrimination and a sense of unfairness among users and this can affect their desire to use the system.\u00a0<\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cycat.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/1570543680.pdf\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Our research<\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u00a0focuses on understanding users&#8217; unfairness perceptions and reducing them. We explore how the demographic and personality characteristics of users and the different characteristics of the system affect the perception of fairness of the users and how different explanations about a system can improve users&#8217; perception of fairness. We further plan to test and develop the topic of personalized explanations, in addition to developing guidelines for testing users&#8217; fairness perception regarding algorithmic systems. The study is a multidisciplinary one, combining\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/tsvikak.hevra.haifa.ac.il\/\">Information Systems<\/a><\/strong><\/span>,\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/kliger.haifa.ac.il\/\">Economics<\/a><\/strong><\/span>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/law.haifa.ac.il\/index.php\/en\/faculty-orabin\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Law<\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/criminology.hevra.haifa.ac.il\/index.php\/senior-staff-he\/dr-avital-mantowitz\">Psychology<\/a><\/strong><\/span>. This research is partly supported by the\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cycat.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/1570543680.pdf\">Cyprus Center for Algorithmic Transparency<\/a><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0and by a grant from the\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/\">Data Science Research Center<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>(DSRC) at the University of Haifa, Israel.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c0d7f07 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c0d7f07\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-81c269b\" data-id=\"81c269b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3902011 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3902011\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tsvi Kuflik, Doron Kliger, Orna Rabinovich-Einy, Avital Mentoviz, Avital Shulner Tal<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":95,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[85,29,82,63,64,66,77],"tags":[37,56,34,58],"class_list":["post-96","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-85","category-algorithms","category-database-collection","category-deep-learning","category-machine-learning","category-neural-networks","category-processing","tag-algorithms","tag-deep-learning","tag-machine-learning","tag-neural-networks","entry","has-media"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tsvi Kuflik, Doron Kliger, Orna Rabinovich-Einy, Avital Mentoviz, Avital Shulner Tal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Kuflik T., Kliger D., Rabinovich-Einy O., Mentoviz A., Shulner Tal A.\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.1.1\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Data Science Research Center - Data Science Research Center\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems - Data Science Research Center\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tsvi Kuflik, Doron Kliger, Orna Rabinovich-Einy, Avital Mentoviz, Avital Shulner Tal\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-12-28T14:47:19+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-09-25T11:46:31+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems - Data Science Research Center\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Tsvi Kuflik, Doron Kliger, Orna Rabinovich-Einy, Avital Mentoviz, Avital Shulner Tal\" \/>\n\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"aioseo-schema\">\n\t\t\t{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"BlogPosting\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#blogposting\",\"name\":\"Fair or Biased? Users\\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems - Data Science Research Center\",\"headline\":\"Fair or Biased? Users\\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?author=2#author\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/12\\\/Kuflik.jpg\",\"width\":823,\"height\":467,\"caption\":\"Kuflik\"},\"datePublished\":\"2020-12-28T14:47:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-09-25T11:46:31+00:00\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#webpage\"},\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#webpage\"},\"articleSection\":\"2020, Algorithms, Database Collection, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Neural Networks, Processing, Algorithms, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Neural Networks\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#breadcrumblist\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il#listItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?cat=59#listItem\",\"name\":\"Method\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?cat=59#listItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Method\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?cat=59\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?cat=29#listItem\",\"name\":\"Algorithms\"},\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il#listItem\",\"name\":\"Home\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?cat=29#listItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Algorithms\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?cat=29\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#listItem\",\"name\":\"Fair or Biased? Users\\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems\"},\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?cat=59#listItem\",\"name\":\"Method\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#listItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Fair or Biased? Users\\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems\",\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?cat=29#listItem\",\"name\":\"Algorithms\"}}]},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Data Science Research Center\",\"description\":\"Data Science Research Center\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?author=2#author\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?author=2\",\"name\":\"Kuflik T., Kliger D., Rabinovich-Einy O., Mentoviz A., Shulner Tal A.\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#authorImage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/e87d532aca1b95c7e6f174858d7b6380af4321f50011eac62e1d10120db9c04e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"width\":96,\"height\":96,\"caption\":\"Kuflik T., Kliger D., Rabinovich-Einy O., Mentoviz A., Shulner Tal A.\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96\",\"name\":\"Fair or Biased? Users\\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems - Data Science Research Center\",\"description\":\"Tsvi Kuflik, Doron Kliger, Orna Rabinovich-Einy, Avital Mentoviz, Avital Shulner Tal\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/#website\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#breadcrumblist\"},\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?author=2#author\"},\"creator\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?author=2#author\"},\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/12\\\/Kuflik.jpg\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96\\\/#mainImage\",\"width\":823,\"height\":467,\"caption\":\"Kuflik\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#mainImage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2020-12-28T14:47:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-09-25T11:46:31+00:00\"},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/\",\"name\":\"Data Science Research Center\",\"description\":\"Data Science Research Center\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/#organization\"}}]}\n\t\t<\/script>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems - Data Science Research Center","description":"Tsvi Kuflik, Doron Kliger, Orna Rabinovich-Einy, Avital Mentoviz, Avital Shulner Tal","canonical_url":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#blogposting","name":"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems - Data Science Research Center","headline":"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?author=2#author"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/#organization"},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kuflik.jpg","width":823,"height":467,"caption":"Kuflik"},"datePublished":"2020-12-28T14:47:19+00:00","dateModified":"2023-09-25T11:46:31+00:00","inLanguage":"en-US","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#webpage"},"isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#webpage"},"articleSection":"2020, Algorithms, Database Collection, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Neural Networks, Processing, Algorithms, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Neural Networks"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#breadcrumblist","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il#listItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?cat=59#listItem","name":"Method"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?cat=59#listItem","position":2,"name":"Method","item":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?cat=59","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?cat=29#listItem","name":"Algorithms"},"previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il#listItem","name":"Home"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?cat=29#listItem","position":3,"name":"Algorithms","item":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?cat=29","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#listItem","name":"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems"},"previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?cat=59#listItem","name":"Method"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#listItem","position":4,"name":"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems","previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?cat=29#listItem","name":"Algorithms"}}]},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/#organization","name":"Data Science Research Center","description":"Data Science Research Center","url":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?author=2#author","url":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?author=2","name":"Kuflik T., Kliger D., Rabinovich-Einy O., Mentoviz A., Shulner Tal A.","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#authorImage","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e87d532aca1b95c7e6f174858d7b6380af4321f50011eac62e1d10120db9c04e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","width":96,"height":96,"caption":"Kuflik T., Kliger D., Rabinovich-Einy O., Mentoviz A., Shulner Tal A."}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#webpage","url":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96","name":"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems - Data Science Research Center","description":"Tsvi Kuflik, Doron Kliger, Orna Rabinovich-Einy, Avital Mentoviz, Avital Shulner Tal","inLanguage":"en-US","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#breadcrumblist"},"author":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?author=2#author"},"creator":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?author=2#author"},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kuflik.jpg","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96\/#mainImage","width":823,"height":467,"caption":"Kuflik"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#mainImage"},"datePublished":"2020-12-28T14:47:19+00:00","dateModified":"2023-09-25T11:46:31+00:00"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/#website","url":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/","name":"Data Science Research Center","description":"Data Science Research Center","inLanguage":"en-US","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/#organization"}}]},"og:locale":"en_US","og:site_name":"Data Science Research Center - Data Science Research Center","og:type":"article","og:title":"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems - Data Science Research Center","og:description":"Tsvi Kuflik, Doron Kliger, Orna Rabinovich-Einy, Avital Mentoviz, Avital Shulner Tal","og:url":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96","article:published_time":"2020-12-28T14:47:19+00:00","article:modified_time":"2023-09-25T11:46:31+00:00","twitter:card":"summary_large_image","twitter:title":"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems - Data Science Research Center","twitter:description":"Tsvi Kuflik, Doron Kliger, Orna Rabinovich-Einy, Avital Mentoviz, Avital Shulner Tal"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"96","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":"default","schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"ai":null,"created":"2023-11-05 22:07:46","updated":"2025-06-05 06:29:51","seo_analyzer_scan_date":null,"focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"aioseo_breadcrumb":"<div class=\"aioseo-breadcrumbs\"><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\" title=\"Home\">Home<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?cat=59\" title=\"Method\">Method<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?cat=29\" title=\"Algorithms\">Algorithms<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\tFair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems\n\t\t<\/span><\/div>","aioseo_breadcrumb_json":[{"label":"Home","link":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il"},{"label":"Method","link":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?cat=59"},{"label":"Algorithms","link":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?cat=29"},{"label":"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems","link":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96"}],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems - Data Science Research Center<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems - Data Science Research Center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tsvi Kuflik, Doron Kliger, Orna Rabinovich-Einy, Avital Mentoviz, Avital Shulner Tal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Data Science Research Center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-12-28T14:47:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-09-25T11:46:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kuflik.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"823\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"467\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Super User\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Kuflik T., Kliger D., Rabinovich-Einy O., Mentoviz A., Shulner Tal A.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Super User\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4ca205a39537f2f9c4d0bf7aabefccf0\"},\"headline\":\"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-12-28T14:47:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-09-25T11:46:31+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96\"},\"wordCount\":317,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/12\\\/Kuflik.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Algorithms\",\"Deep Learning\",\"Machine Learning\",\"Neural Networks\"],\"articleSection\":[\"2020\",\"Algorithms\",\"Database Collection\",\"Deep Learning\",\"Machine Learning\",\"Neural Networks\",\"Processing\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96\",\"name\":\"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems - Data Science Research Center\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/12\\\/Kuflik.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-12-28T14:47:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-09-25T11:46:31+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4ca205a39537f2f9c4d0bf7aabefccf0\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/12\\\/Kuflik.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/12\\\/Kuflik.jpg\",\"width\":823,\"height\":467,\"caption\":\"Kuflik\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?p=96#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/\",\"name\":\"Data Science Research Center\",\"description\":\"Data Science Research Center\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4ca205a39537f2f9c4d0bf7aabefccf0\",\"name\":\"Super User\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/e87d532aca1b95c7e6f174858d7b6380af4321f50011eac62e1d10120db9c04e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/e87d532aca1b95c7e6f174858d7b6380af4321f50011eac62e1d10120db9c04e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/e87d532aca1b95c7e6f174858d7b6380af4321f50011eac62e1d10120db9c04e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Super User\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\\\/?author=2\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems - Data Science Research Center","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems - Data Science Research Center","og_description":"Tsvi Kuflik, Doron Kliger, Orna Rabinovich-Einy, Avital Mentoviz, Avital Shulner Tal","og_url":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96","og_site_name":"Data Science Research Center","article_published_time":"2020-12-28T14:47:19+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-09-25T11:46:31+00:00","og_image":[{"width":823,"height":467,"url":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kuflik.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Super User","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Kuflik T., Kliger D., Rabinovich-Einy O., Mentoviz A., Shulner Tal A.","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96"},"author":{"name":"Super User","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/#\/schema\/person\/4ca205a39537f2f9c4d0bf7aabefccf0"},"headline":"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems","datePublished":"2020-12-28T14:47:19+00:00","dateModified":"2023-09-25T11:46:31+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96"},"wordCount":317,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kuflik.jpg","keywords":["Algorithms","Deep Learning","Machine Learning","Neural Networks"],"articleSection":["2020","Algorithms","Database Collection","Deep Learning","Machine Learning","Neural Networks","Processing"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96","url":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96","name":"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems - Data Science Research Center","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kuflik.jpg","datePublished":"2020-12-28T14:47:19+00:00","dateModified":"2023-09-25T11:46:31+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/#\/schema\/person\/4ca205a39537f2f9c4d0bf7aabefccf0"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kuflik.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kuflik.jpg","width":823,"height":467,"caption":"Kuflik"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?p=96#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Fair or Biased? Users\u2019 Fairness Perception of Algorithmic Systems"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/#website","url":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/","name":"Data Science Research Center","description":"Data Science Research Center","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/#\/schema\/person\/4ca205a39537f2f9c4d0bf7aabefccf0","name":"Super User","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e87d532aca1b95c7e6f174858d7b6380af4321f50011eac62e1d10120db9c04e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e87d532aca1b95c7e6f174858d7b6380af4321f50011eac62e1d10120db9c04e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/e87d532aca1b95c7e6f174858d7b6380af4321f50011eac62e1d10120db9c04e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Super User"},"url":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/?author=2"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=96"}],"version-history":[{"count":47,"href":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11489,"href":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96\/revisions\/11489"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/95"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=96"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=96"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dsrc.haifa.ac.il\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=96"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}